Neural Networks, today, help in a great set of tasks, that until very recently wasn’t possible at all - be it from computer vision, to medical diagnosis, to speech translation and forms a key cornerstone to a lot of ‘magic’ that Machine Learning and AI offers today.
I did blog about Neural Network types (and MarI/O) sometime back ; I surely cannot take credit for creating these three cheat sheets but they are awesome and hope you get to use and enjoy them too.